![]() ![]() The finite-difference implementation of PML requires the conductivities to be turned on gradually over a distance of a few grid points to avoid numerical reflections from the discontinuity. This is known as the uniaxial PML (UPML). It was later shown that a similar reflectionless absorbing medium can be constructed as a lossy anisotropic dielectric and magnetic material with "matched" impedance and electrical and magnetic conductivities. These split-field equations produce wave attenuation but are unphysical. Berenger showed that it was sufficient to "split" Maxwell's equations into two sets of equations in the absorbing layers, appropriately defined. The approach involves surrounding the computational cell with a medium that in theory absorbs without any reflection electromagnetic waves at all frequencies and angles of incidence. The perfectly matched layer ( PML) approach to implementing absorbing boundary conditions in FDTD codes was proposed in J. Tutorial/Multilevel Atomic Susceptibility. ![]() Tutorial/Resonant Modes and Transmission in a Waveguide Cavity.Tutorial/Ring Resonator in Cylindrical Coordinates.Synchronizing the Magnetic and Electric Fields. ![]()
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